A Robust and Explainable Transformer-Based Framework for Phishing Email Detection

ArXi:2511.12085v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Phishing and related cyber threats are becoming increasingly sophisticated, with email-based phishing remaining the most persistent attack vector. These attacks exploit human vulnerabilities to deliver malware or gain unauthorized access to sensitive information. Transformer-based models enhance phishing detection through robust contextual language understanding; yet they are often regarded as black boxes due to a lack of interpretability. Moreover, recent AI-enabled attacks further undermine model resilience.